References
- Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2011.
- Wunsch MJ, Stanard V, Schnoll SH. Treatment of pain in pregnancy. Clin J Pain 2003;19(3):148–55.
- Ward R. Maternal-placental-fetal unit: unique problems of pharmacologic study. Pediatr Clin North Am 1989; 36:1075–88.
- Papich M G, Davis LE, Drug therapy during pregnancy and in the neonate.Veterinary Clinics of North America—Small Animal Practice, 1986;16(3): 525–538.
- Johnston S D, Root Kustritz M V, Olson P. Canine and Feline Theriogenology, WB Saunders, Philadelpia, Pa, USA, 1995.
- Pascoe PJ. Perioperative Pain Management. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2000;30(4):917-32.
- Di Giulio AM, Tenconi B. Malosio ML. Et al. Perinatal morphine. I. Effects on synapsin and neurotransmitter systems in the brain. J Neurosci Res 1995;42:479-85.
- Ferreira TH, Rezende ML, Mama KR et al. Plasma concentrations, behavioural and antinociceptive and physiological effects of methadone after intravenous and transmucosal administration in cats. Am J Vet Res.2011;72(6):764-771.
- Loftus JR, Hill H, Cohen S. Placental transfer and neonatal effects of epidural sufentanil and fentanyl administered with bupivacaine during labor. Anesthesiology 1995;83:300-308.
- Regan J, Chambers F, Gorman W, MacSullivan R. Neonatal abstinence syndrome
due to prolonged administration of fentanyl in pregnancy. BJOG 2000;107(4):570-2.
11. Einarson A, Bozzo P, Taguchi N. Use of a fentanyl patch throughout pregnancy. J
Obstet Gynaecol Can 2009;31(1):20.
12. Cynthia Ko Biliary sludge and acute pancreatitis during pregnancy Nature Clinical Practice: Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2006;3(1); 53-57.
13. Fischer G, Rolley JE, Eder H, et al. Treatment of opioid-dependent pregnant women with buprenorphine. Addiction 2000; 95:239–44.
14. Nanovskaya T. Deshmukh S, Brooks M. et al. Transplacental transfer and metabolism of buprenorphine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;300(1):26-33.
15. Pittman KA, Smyth RD, Losada M, Zighelboim I, Maduska AL and Sunshine A (1980a) Human perinatal distribution of butorphanol. Am J Obstet Gynecol 138:797-800.
16. Kopecky EA, Sione C, Knie B, et al. Transfer of morphine across the human placenta and its interaction with naloxone, L ife /Sci1999;65(22):2359-71.
17. De-Kun, Liyan L. Odouli R. Exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and risk of miscarriage: population based cohort study. BMJ 2003;327:368-73.
18. Drukker A. The adverse renal effects of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition in the fetus and the newborn. Paediatr Child Health 2002;7(8):538-543.
19. Koren G, Florescu A, Costei AM, Boskovic R, Moretti ME. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during third trimester and the risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus: a meta-analysis. Ann Pharmacother 2006;40(5):824-9.
20. Escobar S.R Carprofen exposure via lactation in canine neonates post caesarian section SFT/ACT Annual Conference Track 2 (Sept 3rd 2010)
21. Escobar S.R. Carprofen exposure via lactation in canine neonates post- caesarian section: Follow-up. Proceedings for the Society for Theriogenology September 2016;8(3): 191
22. Oats JN, Vasey DP, Waldron BA. Effects of ketamine on the pregnant uterus. Br J Anaesth 1979; 51:11636.
23. Moon, P.F., Erb HN, Ludders JW et al., Perioperative risk factors for puppies delivered by cesarean section in the United States and Canada. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 2000. 36(4): p. 359-368.
24. Luna SP, Cassu RN, Castro GB, Teixeira Neto FJ, et al. Effects of four anaesthetic protocols on the neurological and cardiorespiratory variables of puppies born by caesarean section Vet Rec. 2004; 27;154(13):387-389.
25. Montouris G. Gabapentin exposure in human pregnancy: results from the Gabapentin Pregnancy Registry Epilepsy and Behavior, 2003; 4(3):310–317.
26. Davis JL, Posner LP, Elce Y. Gabapentin for the treatment of neuropathic pain in a pregnant horse J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007;231(5):755-758.
27. Winterfeld U, Merlob P, Baud D. Pregnancy outcome following maternal exposure to pregabalin may call for concern Neurology 2016; 86(24): 2251-2257.
28. Jürgens TP, Schaefer C , May A. Treatment of cluster headache in pregnancy and lactation. Cephalalgia, 2009;29:391–400.
29. Lalkhen A, Grady K , Non-Obstetric Pain in Pregnancy. Reviews in Pain 2008;1(2):10-14.
30. Allaert SE, Carlier SP, Weyne LP, Vertommen DJ, Dutre PE, Desmet MB. First trimester anesthesia exposure and fetal outcome. A review. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. 2007; 58(2):119-23.
31. Chenier TS, Whitehead AE. Foaling rates and risk factors for abortion in pregnant mares presented for medical or surgical treatment of colic; 153 cases (1993-2005). 2009 Can Vet J. 50:481-485.
32. Okutomi T, Whittington R, Stein D, Hisayo M. Comparison of the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia on the maternal-fetal unit in sheep. J Anesth (2009) 23:392-398.
33. Leblanc MM, Hubbell JAE, Smith HC. The effect of xylazine hydrochloride in intrauterine pressure in the cow and the mare. In: Proceedings of the Ann Meeting Soc Theriogenol 1984:148:386.
34. Jedruch J, Gajewski Z. The effect of detomidine hydrochloride on the electrical activity of the uterus in cows. Acta Vet Scand 1986;82(suppl):198-192.
35. Jedruch J, Gajewski Z, Ratajska-Michalczak K. Uterine motor responses to an α2-adrenergic agonist medetomidine hydrochloride in the bitches during the end of gestation and the post-partum period. Acta Vet Scand 1989;85:129-134.
36. Rexroad CE, Barb CR. Contractile response of the uterus of the estrous ewe to adrenergic stimulation. Biol Repro 1978;19:297-305.
37. Doebeli, A., Michel, E. Bettschart, R, Hartnak, S & Reichler, I.M. Apgar score after induction of anesthesia for canine cesarean section with alfaxalone versus propofol. Theriogenology. 201380(8):850-854.
38. CondeRuiz C, Del Carro AP, Rosset E, Maroiller L, et al. Alfaxalone for total inravenous anesthesia in bitches undergoing elective caesarean section and its effects on puppies: a randomized clinical trial. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2016;43(3):281-90.
NURSING CATS AND DOGS
References
1. Ito S. Drug Therapy for Breastfeeding Women. NEJM . 2000;343(2):118-126
2. Britt R. Pasero C. Pain control using analgesics during breastfeeding. Am J Nurs 1999;99(9):20
3. Lopate C, ed. Management of Pregnant and Neonatal Dogs, Cats and Exotic Pets. Ames: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012
4. Sachs HC. CLINICAL REPORT The Transfer of Drugs and Therapeutics Into Human
Breast Milk: An Update on Selected Topics. Am Academy of Pediatrics. Pediatrics 2013;132(3): e796-e809
5. Pascoe PJ. Moon PF. Periparturient and neonatal nesthesia. Clinical Theriogenology. Perioperative pain management. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2001;31(2):315-341
6. Ostrea EM, Mantaring III JB Silvestre MA Drugs that affect the fetus and newborn infant via the placenta or breast milk. Pediatr Clin N Am 51 (2004) 539– 579
7. Jansson LM, The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine PSelerotocol Committee ABM Clinical Protocol #21: Guidelines for Breastfeeding and the Drug-Dependent Woman Breastfeed Med. 2009 Dec; 4(4): 225–228.
8. Coluzzi F, Valensisi H, Sacco M, Chronic pain management in pregnancy and lactation. Review Minerva Anestesiologica 2014;80(2): 211:224
9. Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2011
10. KuKanich B Outpatient Oral Analgesics in Dogs and Cats Beyond Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs: An Evidence-based Approach Vet Clin Small Anim 43 (2013) 1109–1125
11.Ferreira TH, Rezende ML, Mama KR et al. Plasma concentrations, behavioural and antinociceptive and physiological effects of methadone after intravenous and transmucosal administration in cats. Am J Vet Res.2011;72(6):764-771
12. Madej TH, Strunin L. Comparison of epidural fentanyl with sufentanil. Analgesia and side effects after a single bolus dose during elective caesarean section.Anesthesia1987 Nov;42(11):1156-61.
13. Nitsun M, Szokol JW, Saleh HJ. Pharmacokinetics of midazolam, propofol, and fentanyl transfer to human breast milk. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006 Jun;79(6):549-57.
14. Cohen RS 100ug/h Fentanyl transdermal analgesia during pregnancy and lactation.J Hum Lact. 2009 Aug;25(3):359-61
15.Montgomery A, Hale T. and The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine. ABM Clinical Protocol # 15, Analgesia and Anesthesia for the breastfeeding mother. Revised 2012. Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
16.Wittels C, Scott DT, Sinatra RS. Exogenous opioids in human breast milk and acute neonatal neurobehavior: A preliminary study. Anesthesiology 1990;73:864–869.
17. Hamza J, Benlabed M, Orhant E, et al. Neonatal pattern of breathing during active and quiet sleep after maternal administration of meperidine. Pediatr Res 1992;3:412–416.
18.Hodgkinson R, Bhatt M, Grewal G, et al. Neonatal neurobehavior
in the first 48 hours of life: Effect of the administration of meperidine with and without naloxone in the mother. Pediatrics 1978;62:294–298.
19.Pittman KA, Smythe RD, Losada M, et al. Human perinatal distribution of butorphanol Am J. Obstet Gynaecol 1980;138:797-800
20.(Spigset O, Hagg S. Analgesics and breast-feeding: safety considerations. Paediatr
Drugs 2000;2(3):223–38
21. Traas AMSurgical management of canine and feline dystocia Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Society for Theriogenology The Society for Theriogenology 2008 Annual Conference Theriogenology . 2008;70(3); 337–342
22. Statz G. Moore KE, Murtaugh RJ Surgical repair of a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a pregnant dog J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2007;17(1):77–85
23. Hirose M, Hosokawa, Tanaka Extradural buprenorphine suppresses breast feeding after caesarean section. Br J Anesthesia 1997;79:120-121
24. Lindemalm S, Nydert P, Svensson J-O, et al.Transfer of buprenorphine into breast milk and calculation of infant drug dose. J Hum Lact. 2009; 25(2):199-205
25. Jones HE, Heil SH, Baewert A. Et al. Buprenorphine treatment for opioid-dependent pregnant women: a comprehensive review. Addiction 2012;107(1):5-27
26. Kukanich B, Papich MG. Pharmacokinetics and antinociceptive effects of oral tramadol hydrochloride administration in Greyhounds. Am J Vet Res 2011;72:256–262
27. Gardiner SJ, Doogue MP, Zhang M. et al. Quantification of infant exposure to celecoxib through breast milk British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2006;61(1):101-104
28. Schneider M., Kuchta A, Dron F et al. Disposition of cimicoxib in plasma and milk of whelping bitches and in their puppies BMC Veterinary Research.2015;11:178
29. Smith GW, Davis JL, Tellet al.Extralabel use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cattle FARAD Digest JAVMA, Vol 232, No. 5, March 1, 2008
30. Lohuis JA, van Werven T, Brand A, et al. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of carprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in healthy cows and cows with Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced mastitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 14:219–229, 1991.
31. Raffe MR: Anesthetic Considerations During Pregnancy and for the Newborn. in Grimm KA, Lamont LL, Tranquilli WJ, Greene SA, Robertson SA eds. Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia; the fifth edition of Lumb and Jones. Wiley Blackwell, Ames IA 2015 p. 708-722
32.S.R. Escobar Carprofen exposure via lactation in canine neonates post caesarian section SFT/ACT Annual Conference Track 2 (Sept 3rd 2010)
33. S.R. Escobar Carprofen exposure via lactation in canine neonates post- caesarian section: Follow-up. Proceedings for the Society for Theriogenology September 2016;8(3): 191
34. Persson A, Doctoral thesis: Carprofen som postoperative esmartlingdrin vid kejsnarsitt par hund.Sverigens Lantbruksanuniversitet, Uppsala, Sweden. 2012 ISSN 1652-8697
35.Horster M, Valtin H. Postnatal development of renal function: micropuncture and clearance studies in the dog. J Clin Invest 1971;50:779–95.
36. Kleinman LI, Lubbe RJ. Factors affecting the maturation of glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in the newborn dog. J Physiol 1972;223:395–409.
37. Escobar SR. Personal communication. Springfield Veterinary Center PC 4416 Springfield Rd. Glen Allen VA, 23060
38. Bloor M, PaechM Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs During Pregnancy and the Initiation of Lactation Anesthesia & Analgesia: 2013;116(5):1063-1075
39. Baka NE Paracetamol (acetaminophen) & methadone levels in breast milk do not justify interruption of nursing Anesth Analg 2002;94:184-187
40. Rathmell JP, Viscomi CM, Ashburn MA.Management of Non-obstetric Pain During Pregnancy and Lactation Anesth Analg 1997;85:1074-87
41 Weichert CE. Prolactin cycling and the management of breast-feeding. failure. Adv Pediatr. 1980;27:391-407
42. Gabay M.. Galactogogues: Medications That Induce Lactation J Hum Lact 2002;18(3): 274-279
43. Breyer-Pfaff U, Nill K, Entenmann A, Gaertner HJ: Secretion of amitriptyline and metabolites into breast milk. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:812–813
44. Öhman I, Vitols S. Committee on Drugs, American Academy of Pediatrics. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 2001;108:776–89
45. Öhman I, Vitols S. TomsonT Pharmacokinetics of Gabapentin during Delivery, in the Neonatal Period, and Lactation: Does a Fetal Accumulation Occur during Pregnancy? Epilepsia, 2005;46(10):1621– 1624
46. Kristensen JH, Ilett KF, Hackett LP Gabapentin and Breastfeeding: A Case Report J Hum Lact November 2006 vol. 22 no. 4 426-428
47. Jürgens TP, Schaefer C, MayA. Treatment of cluster headache in pregnancy and lactation Cephalalgia, 2009, 29, 391–400
48. Matsota PK, Markantonis SL, Fousteri MZ, et al. Excretion of ropivacaine in breast milk during patient-controlled epidural analgesia after cesarean delivery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2009;34:126–129
49. Baker PA , Schroeder D. Interpleural Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain during Lactation Anesth Analg 1989;69:40-42
50. Proprietary info on milk excretion of dexmedetomidine. I sent the PDF previously – not sure how to reference it.
51. Delehant TM, Denhart JW, Lloyd WE, Powell JD. Pharmacokinetics of xylazine, 2,6-dimethylaniline, and tolazoline in tissues from yearling cattle and milk from mature dairy cows after sedation with xylazine hydrochloride and reversal with tolazoline hydrochloride. Vet Ther. 2003;4(2):128-34.
52. Salonen JS1, Vähä-Vahe T, Vainio O, Vakkuri O. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of detomidine in the horse and cow. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1989 Mar;12(1):65-72.
53. Ortega D, Viviand X, Lorec AM et al. Excretion of lidocaine and bupivacaine in breast milk following epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1999;43:394-7.
54. Suppa E, Valente A, Catarci S, Zanfini BA, Draisci G. A study of low-dose S-ketamine infusion as "preventive" pain treatment for cesarean section with spinal anesthesia: benefits and side effects. Minerva Anestesiol. 2012 Jul;78(7):774-81
SUGGESTED READING
Drukker A. The adverse renal effects of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition in the fetus and the newborn. A Review. Paediatr Child Health 2002;7(8):538-543